India's Heatwave Crisis: Urban Heat Traps and Rising Temperatures

Environment and Biodiversity Ecology

Posted by pallavi on 2024-06-29 10:29:27 |

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Heat Trap Cities and Rising Temperatures

Indian cities have turned into "heat traps" due to rapid and unplanned urbanization, which has consumed water bodies and increased greenhouse emissions. This issue was highlighted by a senior government official on June 17, 2024. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has predicted above-normal temperatures for June in the northwest and central parts of the country, including Delhi, marking one of the longest heatwave spells in these regions. The extreme summer conditions have already resulted in numerous fatalities across various parts of India (KESQ) .

Prolonged Heat Waves in Northwest India

Northwest India, including Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan, is experiencing its hottest spell since 1951, with both day and night temperatures reaching unprecedented highs. This prolonged heatwave has caused significant heat stress and health emergencies, especially in areas lacking access to air conditioning or coolers. Many regions in Delhi, for example, are experiencing unusually warm tap water throughout the day and night. Data shows that over half of northwest India has recorded temperatures of 40°C or higher for almost all days between May 16 and June 17, 2024. This period marks the longest spell of 40°C+ temperatures since records began in 1951. The intense heat is also affecting large parts of Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh. In 24% of the country, this year is among the top five longest heat spells ever recorded, underscoring the extensive impact of the heatwave .

Temperature Rise in Hyderabad

Hyderabad has also witnessed a significant rise in temperatures, with some areas recording a surge of over 7°C compared to the previous year. The IMD has warned of a continuing heatwave, with temperatures already hitting extreme highs by the end of April. In the Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) limits, temperatures reached up to 45°C in certain areas. The rise in temperatures has been attributed to the El Niño effect, which has caused above-normal heat since December 2023. This significant increase in ambient temperature poses severe risks to the homeless and impacts agricultural yields. For instance, mango trees have shown a reduced yield due to the intense heat. Experts have called for government action to increase green cover and protect natural water bodies to mitigate the effects of these rising temperatures .

Implications and Recommendations

The articles collectively highlight the urgent need for strategic interventions to address the challenges posed by rising temperatures and prolonged heatwaves in India. Key recommendations include:

Urban Planning and Green Cover: Improving urban planning to preserve water bodies and increase green cover to reduce the heat island effect in cities.

Emergency Preparedness: Enhancing infrastructure and resources to support vulnerable populations during extreme heat conditions.

Policy Interventions: Implementing policies to protect natural resources, such as lakes and forests, to mitigate the impacts of climate change.

Public Awareness: Raising awareness about heatwave preparedness and health measures to prevent heat-related illnesses.

Addressing these issues requires a coordinated effort from government authorities, environmental organizations, and the public to ensure sustainable urban development and resilience against climate change.

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