Climate Change and Air Pollution Threaten India’s Solar Energy Potential

Current Affairs National

Posted by newadmin on 2025-03-19 08:55:58 |

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India, the fifth-largest solar power producer globally, faces significant challenges in harnessing solar energy due to climate change and air pollution. A recent study by researchers at IIT Delhi highlights how these factors could impair solar panel efficiency, jeopardizing the country’s goal of generating 50% of its electric power from non-fossil sources by 2030. The ambitious target includes installing 500 GW of renewable energy capacity, with solar power contributing one-fifth.

The study reveals that climate change directly impacts solar energy generation. Variations in solar radiation, caused by atmospheric changes, including air pollution and cloud cover, can reduce the amount of sunlight reaching solar panels. Projections for 2041-2050 suggest that, under moderate climate control efforts, solar panel efficiency could decline by 2.3%, resulting in an annual loss of about 840 gigawatt-hours of electricity.

Temperature also plays a key role in solar panel performance. As ambient temperatures rise, solar cells could become less efficient, operating best in cooler conditions. However, certain regions, like northeastern India and Kerala, may see increased solar potential due to reduced cloud cover.

To meet its renewable energy targets, India must urgently tackle climate change and improve air quality. Reducing emissions, promoting sustainable practices, and investing in clean technologies are essential steps for a greener future.

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